Aa¨¶ KvRx dviæK Avn‡g` : AvR 17 †m‡Þ¤^i Ôwk¶v w`emÕ| ¯^vaxbZvi GK Pwjøk eQi cvi n‡Z P‡j‡Q| wKš‘ GL‡bv †`‡ki A‡a©K A_ev Zvi KvQvKvwQ gvbyl wbi¶i| A_ev ejjvg GRb¨ †h, mv¶iZvi nvi wb‡q miKv‡ii I wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi Z_¨ cwimsL¨v‡bi g‡a¨ wgj †hgb †bB, mv¶iZv GLb Avi Av‡Mi g‡Zv ïay mB Ki‡Z RvbvI eySvq bv| co‡Z I wjL‡Z cvivi m‡½, †gvUvgywU wnmve-wbKvk Ki‡Z Rvbv eySvq| eZ©gv‡b Avevi Kw¤úDUvi mv¶iZv K_viI cÖPjb n‡q‡Q| A_©vr Kw¤úDUvi e¨envi Ki‡Z RvbvI mv¶iZvi m‡½ m¤úwK©Z e‡j GLb A‡b‡K g‡b K‡ib| Ab¨w`‡K mv¶iZvi †m‡K‡j aviYv †g‡b wb‡jI †h MwZ‡Z Zv Pj‡Q Zv‡Z 2014 mv‡ji g‡a¨ kZfvM AwR©Z n‡e wKbv Zv wb‡q mskq Av‡Q|
Av‡›`vj‡bi †cÖ¶vcU : 1947 mv‡j fviZ wefv‡Mi ci ci †_‡K c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b wk¶vi nvi `ªæZ K‡g hvq| Lye †ewk cwigv‡Y QvÎiv we`¨vjq cwiZ¨vM K‡i| eû wk¶v cÖwZôvb eÜ n‡q hvq| 1947-48 mv‡j c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi msL¨v wQj- 29,633| 1954-55 mv‡j Zv 26,000-G †b‡g Av‡m| cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b wPÎ wQj m¤ú~Y© wfbœ| †mLv‡b wk¶vi nvi, wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi msL¨v evowQj, WªcAvD‡Ui msL¨vI wQj c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi Zzjbvq Kg| wk¶v Lv‡Z miKvwi e¨qI wQj cwðg cvwK¯Ív‡b †ewk| hw`I RbmsL¨vi 56 kZvskB evm Ki‡Zv c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b| 1958 mv‡j mvgwiK AvBb Rvwii gva¨‡g AvBqye Lvb cvwK¯Ív‡bi †cÖwm‡W›U n‡q 30 wW‡m¤^i 1958 Zvwi‡L wk¶vbxwZ cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU Kwgkb MV‡bi †NvlYv †`b| 1959 mv‡ji 5 Rvbyhvwi Kwgk‡bi Kvh©µg D‡Øvab nq| cwðg cvwK¯Ívb wk¶v wefv‡Mi mwPe I AvjxMo wek¦we`¨vj‡q AvBqy‡ei cÖv³b wk¶K Gm Gg kixd‡K †Pqvig¨vb K‡i cwðg cvwK¯Ívb †_‡K 6 Rb I c~e© cvwK¯Ívb †_‡K 4 Rb‡K m`m¨ Kiv nq| 1959 mv‡ji 26 AvM÷ Kwgkb AšÍe©Z©x cÖwZ‡e`b †ck K‡i| Zv MÖš’vKv‡i gyw`ªZ n‡q cÖKvwkZ nq 1962 mv‡j|
kixd Kwgk‡bi mycvwik : 1. ÔD`y©‡K gywó‡gq †jv‡Ki cwie‡Z© RbM‡Yi fvlvq cwiYZ Kwi‡Z nB‡eÕ (kixd Kwgkb cÖwZ‡e`b, c„ôv 349)| 2. ÔcvwK¯Ív‡bi RvZxq fvlvi Rb¨ hw` GKwU mvaviY eY©gvjv cÖeZ©b Kwi‡ZB nq Zvnv nB‡j Aviwei `vwe wKQy‡ZB D‡c¶v Kiv hvq bv|Õ (c„ôv 370)| 3. Ôwk‡í g~jab wewb‡qvM‡K Avgiv †h bR‡i †`wL †mB bR‡i wk¶v eve` A_© e¨‡qi †hŠw³KZv cÖZxqgvb nqÕ (c„ôv 395)| Ôwk¶v m¯Ívq cvIqv m¤¢e bqÕ (c„ôv 396)| 4. Ôwk¶vi Rb¨ Rbmvavi‡Yi wbKU nB‡Z Lye mvgvb¨B A_© mvnvh¨ cvIqv wMqv‡Q| cÖv_wgK ¯‹zj I bvggvÎ †eZ‡bi gva¨wgK ¯‹zj ¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ miKv‡ii Dci wbf©i KivB Rbmvavi‡Yi ixwZ| Zvnvw`M‡K Dcjwä Kwi‡Z nB‡e †h, A‰eZwbK wk¶vi aviYv e¯‘Z Aev¯Íe Kíbv gvÎÕ (c„ôv 398)| 5. Ôlô †kÖYx nB‡Z wWwMÖ ch©šÍ Bs‡iwR wk¶v eva¨Zvg~jK Kwi‡Z nB‡eÕ (c„ôv 349)| 6. kixd Kwgk‡bi †h mycvwikwU Zvr¶wYK KviY wn‡m‡e QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i Av‡›`vjbgyLx K‡i †Zv‡j Zv n‡jv : Ôwek¦we`¨vjq ch©v‡q wk¶vi gvb DbœZ Kwievi D‡Ï‡k¨ Avgiv AZxe †Rv‡ii mwnZ mycvwik Kwi‡ZwQ †h, mœvZK wWwMÖ †Kvm©‡K m¤cÖmviY Kwiqv wZb eQi †gqvw` Kiv DwPZ nB‡eÕ (c„ôv 24)|
kixd Kwgkb we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb : QvÎ mgvR kixd Kwgk‡bi cÖwZ‡e`b cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zv‡j| ¯‹zj †_‡K wek¦we`¨vjh ch©šÍ mKj ¯Í‡ii wk¶v_©xiv G‡Z ¯^Ztù‚Z©fv‡e AskMÖnY K‡i| wZb eQi †gqvw` wWwMÖ cvm †Kv‡m©i wec‡¶ XvKv K‡j‡Ri wWwMÖi cÖwZeÜx QvÎ Gg AvB †PŠayix Av‡›`vj‡bi m~Pbv K‡ib| XvKv K‡j‡Ri wWwMÖi Qv·`i m‡½ wewfbœ K‡j‡Ri wWwMÖi QvÎQvÎx Ges D”P gva¨wgK †kÖYx‡Z Bs‡iwR‡K AwZwi³ †evSv g‡b K‡i D”P gva¨wgK †kÖYxi cix¶v_©xivI G‡Z †hvM †`b| wew”Qbœfv‡e RyjvB ch©šÍ Av‡›`vjb P‡j| G‡Zvw`b ÔwWwMÖ ÷z‡W›Um †dvivgÕ Av‡›`vjb cwiPvjbv K‡i AvmwQj| G mgq ÔwWwMÖ ÷z‡W›Um †dvivgÕ Gi cwiwa m¤cÖmviY I bvg cwieZ©b K‡i ÔB÷ cvwK¯Ívb ÷z‡W›Um †dvivgÕ MVb Kiv nq| Ôevsjv‡`‡ki QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡bi BwZnvmÕ MÖ‡š’ W. †gvnv¤§` nvbbvb wj‡L‡Qb : ÔZ‡e Av‡›`vj‡bi ¸YMZ cwiZ©b N‡U 10 AvM÷ (1962)| Gw`b weKv‡j XvKv K‡jR K¨vw›U‡b mœvZK I D”P gva¨wgK Dfq †kÖYxi QvÎiv GK mgv‡e‡k wgwjZ nb| G‡Z mfvcwZZ¡ K‡ib XvKv K‡jR QvÎ msm‡`i mvaviY m¤úv`K QvÎ BDwbqb †bZv KvRx dviæK Avn‡g`| wZwb Zvi e³„Zvq Dcw¯’Z Qv·`i GK_v eySv‡Z m¶g nb †h wk¶vi Av‡›`vjb I MYZ‡š¿i Av‡›`vjb GK m~‡Î Muv_v| GB mfvi c~e© ch©šÍ QvÎ msMVb¸‡jvi †K›`ªxq †bZv‡`i m‡½ Kwgkb we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡bi †Kv‡bv †hvMm~Î wQj bv| †K›`ªxq †bZviv g‡b Ki‡Zb, ïaygvÎ wk¶v msµvšÍ `vwe-`vIqv wb‡q e¨vcK Av‡›`vjb M‡o †Zvjv Am¤¢eÕ|
10 AvM‡÷i GB mfvq 15 AvM÷ mgMÖ cÖ‡`‡k mvaviY ag©NU cvjb Ges Av‡›`vj‡bi cieZ©x Kg©m~wP wn‡m‡e 10 †m‡Þ¤^i mwPevj‡qi mvg‡b Qv·`i Ae¯’vb ag©N‡Ui wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv nq| 15 AvM÷ †_‡K 10 †m‡Þ¤^i mg‡qi g‡a¨ XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq AvgZjvq †ek K‡qKwU QvÎmfv I we‡¶vf wgwQj AbywôZ nq| ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ri QvÎQvÎxiv cÖwZw`b e¨vcK msL¨vq G‡Z AskMÖnY K‡i| 10 †m‡Þ¤^‡ii c~e© cÖ¯‘wZ wn‡m‡e wek¦we`¨vj‡qi K¨v‡d‡Uwiqvq mKj cÖwZôv‡bi cÖwZwbwaiv GK mfvq wgwjZ nb| G‡Z †hvM`vb K‡ib WvKmyi c‡¶ Gbv‡qZzi ingvb, Rvgvj Av‡bvqvi evmy, XvKv K‡jR QvÎ msm‡`i mvaviY m¤úv`K KvRx dviæK, RMbœv_ K‡jR QvÎ msm‡`i mn-mfvcwZ Avãyjøvn Iqv‡im Bgvg, B‡Wb K‡jR msm‡`i mn-mfv‡bÎx gwZqv †PŠayix, bvRgv †eMg, Kvq‡` Avhg K‡jR msm‡`i mn-mfvcwZ b~iæj Av‡idxb Lvb, †Zvjvivg K‡jR (bvivqYMÄ) msm‡`i mvaviY m¤úv`K Avãyj AvwRR evMgvi cÖgyL| KvRx dviæK (QvÎ BDwbqb) I Avãyjøvn Iqv‡im Bgvg (QvÎjxM) B÷ cvwK¯Ív‡bi ÷z‡W›Um& †dviv‡gi hyM¥ AvnŸvqK wbe©vwPZ nb| Av‡›`vj‡bi †K›`ªwe›`y G‡Zvw`b wQj ¯‹zj K‡jR¸‡jv| GLb Zv P‡j Avm‡jv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †`vi‡Mvovq| c~e© cvwK¯Ívb miKvi GK †cÖm‡bv‡U 10 †m‡Þ¤^i mwPevj‡qi Ae¯’vb ag©N‡Ui wm×všÍ cÖZ¨vnv‡ii AvnŸvb Rvbvq| Ab¨_vq cwiw¯’wZ gvivZ¥K n‡e e‡j ûgwK †`q| †KŠkjMZ Kvi‡Y 10 †m‡Þ¤^i Kg©m~wP cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv n‡jI QvÎiv 17 †m‡Þ¤^i niZv‡ji WvK †`b|
17 †m‡Þ¤^‡ii NUbv : 17 †m‡Þ¤^i Lye †fvi †_‡KB QvÎiv wc‡KwUs ïiæ K‡ib| wc‡KwUs‡qi AvIZvq c‡o †gvbv‡qg gwš¿mfvi m`m¨ nvmvb AvmKvixi gvwm©wWR Mvwo f¯§xf~Z nq| GKB m‡½ R¡j‡Z _v‡K `ywZbwU wRcI| Qv·`i m‡½ wewfbœ ¯Í‡ii gvbylI we‡¶v‡f †hvM †`b| mv‡R©›U nvwd‡Ri †bZ…‡Z¡ GK`j cywjk bevecyi †ijµwms †_‡K m`iNvU ch©šÍ we‡¶vfKvix‡`i avIqv I †MÖßvi K‡iI mvgvj w`‡Z cviwQ‡jb bv| mKvj 9Uv bv evR‡ZB mg¯Í wek¦we`¨vjq GjvKv †jv‡K †jvKviY¨ n‡q hvq| Ggb mgq Lei Av‡m bevecy‡i ¸wj n‡q‡Q Ges K‡qKRb Zv‡Z knx`I n‡q‡Qb| Zr¶Yvr QvÎ-RbZvi mgv‡e‡k GK AwMœwkLvi †XD e‡q hvq| wmivRyj Bmjvg Lvb, gwnDÏxb Avn‡g`, nvq`vi AvKei Lvb i‡bv, iv‡k` Lvb †gbb, AvBhye †iRv †PŠayix, †iRv Avjx †PŠayix cÖgy‡Li †bZ…‡Z¡ †ei nq Rw½ wgwQj| wgwQj hLb nvB‡KvU© cvi n‡q Avãyj MwY †iv‡W cÖ‡ek KiwQj ZLb †cQb †_‡K cywjk ¸wjel©Y K‡i| wbnZ nq eveyj Ges †Mvjvg †gv¯Ídv| AvnZ nq IqvwRDjøvn| †m nvmcvZv‡j c‡ii w`b g„Zz¨eiY K‡i| A‡b‡K AvnZ nq| i_‡Lvjvi mvg‡b wgwQj †cuŠQ‡j †`Lv hvq K‡qK nvRvi cywjk H wgwQ‡ji Ici e¨vwi‡KW m„wó K‡i‡Q| e¨vwi‡K‡Wi Aci cv‡k RMbœv_ K‡j‡Ri w`K †_‡K Aci GKwU weivU wgwQj| `ywU wgwQj hv‡Z wgj‡Z bv cv‡i †m Rb¨ GB e¨e¯’v| e¨vwi‡KW fvOvi Rb¨ GKch©v‡q Pj‡jv BóK e„wó| mvgvb¨ n‡U †h‡Z eva¨ n‡jv †mbvevwnbx I cywjk| c‡iv G‡jvcvZvwo ¸wj I wUqvi M¨v‡m AvµvšÍ n‡q we‡¶vfKvixiv n‡U †h‡Z eva¨ nb| AvnZ nq AmsL¨| G w`‡bi we‡¶vf wgwQ‡j eywoM½vi Icvi †_‡K †bŠKvi gvwSivI ˆeVv nv‡Z wgwQj wb‡q Av‡mb| knx` †mvnivIqv`©xi KivwP †_‡K XvKvq G‡m Mfb©i †Mvjvg dviæ‡Ki m‡½ mv¶v‡Zi ci kixd wk¶v Kwgkb wi‡cv‡U©i ev¯Íevqb ¯’wM‡Zi †NvlYv †`qv n‡j GK ch©v‡q Av‡›`vjb w¯ÍwgZ n‡q Av‡m|
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8 `dv `vwei g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q : 1. wk¶vbxwZ 2010-Gi Av‡jv‡K ¯’vqx wk¶v Kwgkb I †emiKvwi wk¶K wb‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ Kwgkb MVb Ges me©¯Í‡ii wk¶K‡`i Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ †eZb KvVv‡gv cÖeZ©b| 2. cÖvq `yB hyM Av‡Mi †¯‹‡ji (1991) cwie‡Z© eZ©gvb RvZxq †¯‹‡j GgwcIfz³ †emiKvwi wk¶K-Kg©Pvix‡`i wPwKrmv fvZv, evwl©K cÖe„w× cÖ`vb| 3. Agh©v`vKi 100 UvKv evwo fvovi cwie‡Z© miKvwi wk¶K-Kg©Pvix‡`i Abyiƒc evwo fvov A_ev m¤§vbRbK Avevmb myweav cÖeZ©b| 4. Pvi`jxq †RvU miKv‡ii Avg‡j cÖ`Ë LwЇZi cwie‡Z© miKvwi wk¶K-Kg©Pvix‡`i Abyiƒc c~Y© Drme fvZv I c~Y© †cbkb, c‡`vbœwZ, UvBg †¯‹j Pvjy| 5. †hvM¨Zvi mKj kZ©c~iY K‡iI eQ‡ii ci eQi GgwcI ewÂZ cÖwZôvb I wk¶K-Kg©Pvix‡`i bZzb GgwcI, Abvm©-gv÷vm© cvV`vbKvix †emiKvwi K‡j‡Ri wk¶K I wWwMÖ K‡‡j‡R wewfbœ wel‡q Z…Zxq wk¶K‡`i Rb¨ GgwcI| cÖwZôv‡bi ¯Íi cwieZ©b msµvšÍ †KvW ms‡kvab bv nIqvi ARynv‡Z wk¶K-Kg©Pvix‡`i eÜK…Z †eZb Awej‡¤^ Pvjy| 6. gva¨wgK ¯Í‡i welq wfwËK wk¶K wb‡qvM I †emiKvwi cÖavb wk¶K‡`i Rb¨ miKvwi cÖavb wk¶K‡`i Abyiƒc †eZb †¯‹j cÖeZ©b| 7. cve©Z¨ GjvKvq Kg©iZ wk¶K Kg©Pvix‡`i Rb¨ 30% cvnvwo fvZv Pvjy| 8. †emiKvwi wk¶K-Kg©Pvix‡`i Aem‡ii eqm 65 eQ‡i DbœxZKiY, wk¶K‡`i PvKwiwewa ms‡kvab I Kg©Pvix‡`i PvKwiwewa cÖeZ©b| wk¶vi Dbœq‡b 7 mycvwi‡k Av‡Q : 1. †kÖYxK‡¶ wk¶K‡`i cvV`vb Dbœqb ch©‡e¶Y, cix¶v I g~j¨vqb e¨e¯’v Ges wk¶v cÖwZôvb e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZi ms¯‹vi| 2. wk¶v_©x‡`i cvV¨µg I wk¶K‡`i wk¶Yµg cÖYqb, cÖvK-†ckv I †ckvKvjxb Ae¨vnZ cÖwk¶Y| 3. KvwiMwi I e„wËg~jK wk¶vi m¤cÖmvi‡Y µgvš^‡q eivÏ e„w×| mvwPweK we`¨v I Awdm e¨e¯’vcbv wm‡jevm hy‡Mvc‡hvMxKiY| 4. cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK ¯Í‡i wk¶v_©x‡`i S‡icov †iv‡a `ycyi‡ejv Zv‡`i Rb¨ we`¨vj‡q we¯‹z‡Ui cwie‡Z© Mig Lvev‡ii e¨e¯’v| 5. KvMR, †cwÝjmn wk¶v DcKiY Ges wk¶v_©x‡`i wk¶v cÖwZôvb †Wª‡mi g~j¨ n«v‡mi e¨e¯’v MÖnY| 6. cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wk¶v Kvh©µg myôzfv‡e cwiPvjbv, chv©qµ‡g cÖv_wgK wk¶v Aóg †kÖYx ch©šÍ DbœxZKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ Ges eq¯‹ I DcvbyôvwbK wk¶vi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq eivÏ I e¨e¯’v| 7. wk¶vq †g‡q wkï I bvixi AskMÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î m~wPZ BwZevPK aviv †Rvi`v‡i wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi †fZ‡i I evwn‡i †g‡q wk¶v_©x‡`i wbivcËv, Kgbiæg, Uq‡jU myweav BZ¨vw` wbwðZKiY Ges cÖwZ †Rjv I Dc‡Rjv m`‡i †hŠ_ bvix wbevm ¯’vcb|
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Aa¨¶ KvRx dviæK Avn‡g` : evlwÆ wk¶v Av‡›`vj‡bi Ab¨Zg msMVK, wk¶K †bZv|
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